Ilmenite concentrates, in industrial scale production, are generally obtained by flotation under strongly acidic pH conditions. Taking Panzhihua as an example, its …
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V anadium-titanium-bearing magnetite of Panzhihua, China, is a complex iron ore which is rich in the elements of vanadium and titanium.It accounts for more than 90 pct of the titanium reserves in China. By the beneficiation process of the ore, titanomagnetite concentrate and ilmenite concentrate are produced.[1,2] At present, …
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This article studied the theoretical calculation of vacuum carbothermic reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate. Thus, when the temperature was higher …
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This review examines the literature on the processing of ilmenite during the last fifty years. It is aimed at giving a simplified outline of the major processes currently used for beneficiation and recovery of titanium dioxide and titanium metal from ilmenite ores. ... The carbothermic reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite with various additions of ...
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Fe-based cermets are of considerable research interest owing to their excellent physical and mechanical properties. In this study, a new process for the reduction and nitridation of Panzhihua ilmenite using NH 3 was proposed to prepare Fe-TiN composites, and the process was deemed feasible by thermodynamic calculations. The …
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The hydrogen reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate in the temperature range of 900–1050 °C was systematically investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. ... The kinetics of the reduction indicated that the rate-controlling step was the diffusion …
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in ilmenite in Panzhihua region make its direct reduction progress more difficult. Many studiers have been conducted on the carbothermic reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite, …
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Conventionally, an electric arc furnace (EAF) is used to smelt the Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate (~ 47% TiO 2), yielding a high-titanium slag (~ 74% TiO 2).4 However, this process is energy intensive, requiring temperatures up to 1700°C, and the smelting time for each heat is approximately 8–10 h.5,6,7 The high-titanium slag produced by ...
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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pre-oxidation treatment on the hydrogen-rich reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate powder on the reduction kinetics and mechanisms. In this study, reduction processes of raw and pre-oxidized ilmenite concentrates reduced by H 2 /CO mixtures (H 2 /CO = 0.4 and H 2 …
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Article on Investigation of the Hydrogen-Rich Reduction of Panzhihua Ilmenite Concentrate Pellets, published in Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy 8 on by Furong Chen+5. Read the article Investigation of the Hydrogen-Rich Reduction of Panzhihua Ilmenite Concentrate Pellets on R Discovery, your go-to avenue for effective …
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But Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate can only be processed by the sulfate process, for its high impurity content makes it unsuitable for chloride TiO 2 pigment production. Specifically, high content of MgO and CaO in titanium-rich materials can lead to the formation of scale on the Cl 2 gas distributor, which significantly affects the operation ...
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An H 3 PO 4 oxidation–reduction treatment was applied to upgrade Panzhihua titanium slag to synthetic rutile. Initially, a process of "H 3 PO 4 oxidation–reduction–hydrochloric acid leaching–NaOH leaching" was proposed, and this process was used to successfully prepare a synthetic rutile containing over 95% TiO 2 …
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Ilmenite concentrates, in industrial scale production, are generally obtained by flotation under strongly acidic pH conditions. Taking Panzhihua as an example, its cleaning operations are generally controlled within the pH range from about 4 to 2 using sulphuric acid as the modifier (Zhai et al., 2017). However, studies on ilmenite flotation in ...
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The deep reduction of ilmenite concentrates through carbothermic way with the addition of Na 2 CO 3 to produce high-quality titanium slag and iron powder is a novel energy-efficient process to utilise the low-grade ilmenite concentrate effectively. The growth behaviour of iron grain in this process is of great significance for the subsequent …
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Therefore, Panzhihua ilmenite is unsuitable for the chlorination process to produce TiO 2 pigment. On the other hand, the sulfate process employed to manufacture TiO 2 pigment faces severe environmental challenges [7]. The conventional smelting route, which is used to smelt ilmenite ores with carbon in high-temperature furnaces to …
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Panzhihua ilmenite contains a high amount of MgO which will react with the Ti-bearing mineral to generate the M 3 O 5 (M = Fe, Ti, Mg) in the reduction process.13 The M 3 O 5 is difficult to reduce because of its stable structure. The methods mentioned above cannot effectively improve the reduction degree of Panzhihua ilmenite due to its high ...
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This article studied the theoretical calculation of vacuum carbothermic reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate. Thus, when the temperature was higher than 1600°C and the carbon amount was greater than 12%, all of the Fe almost entered into the gas phase. ... which can be used for the chlorination process to prepare titanium dioxide ...
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The ilmenite concentrate powder used in this study was obtained from Panzhihua Steel Company. The chemical composition of the raw ilmenite concentrate is summarized in Table 1, which shows that the concentrate was predominantly composed of TiO 2 and iron oxide, with smaller amounts of MgO, SiO 2, CaO, and Al 2 O 3.The pre …
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In the process, Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate was first reduced in a rotary hearth furnace (RHF) to produce a titanium-rich material and iron. The titanium-rich material was then used in a new ...
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The electric arc furnace (EAF) smelting process, which produces titanium slag, is the most popular method for utilizing Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate. However, the EAF process involves high energy consumption, high pollution, and low efficiency due to the high smelting temperature, the large amount of dust produced, and the long smelting …
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Naturally available ilmenite mineral is being used as a starting material to produce titanium based products that have wide applications. Transformation of ilmenite …
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To achieve the utilization of fine ilmenite (especially −0.075 mm) produced in the titanium-magnetite processing plant in Panzhihua, a radial turbulent outer-cylinder magnetic separator (RTOCMS), was developed in this study. After optimizing the conditions of rotation speed and water flow, an RTOCMS concentrate with TiO2 grade of 22.84% …
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Panzhihua ilmenite, located in Sichuan, Southwest China, is one of the largest ilmenite reserves over the world and about 90% of the total resource in China. However, …
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Ilmenite concentrate is the second most abundant resource from the vanadium-bearing titaniferous magnetite in Panzhihua, comprising about 90% of the titanium resources in China. In order to fully utilize Panzhihua titanium resources, a new process was proposed in this work. In the process, Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate …
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Abstract. Solid state and smelting reduction of ilmenite is an important process of upgrading ilmenite to high titania feedstock. In this study, an ilmenite concentrate supplied by …
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Semantic Scholar extracted view of "Combined milling–dissolution of Panzhihua ilmenite in sulfuric acid" by Chun Li et al. ... The kinetics of the sulfuric acid leaching of altered ilmenite, mechanisms, and process intensification methods were studied. The effect of changing the chemical composition during grinding was …
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The Panzhihua ilmenite was oxidized in air for 4 ... In the hydrochloric acid process [8], the ferric iron in ilmenite is first converted to the ferrous form either by directly reducing at 900 °C or by preoxidizing and then reducing at 1000–1200 °C. The reduced ilmenite is then hydrochloric acid-leached at elevated pressure [9–11].
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The effect of pre-oxidation degree of Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate on the gaseous reduction by carbon monoxide was investigated. The raw ilmenite concentrates were pre-oxidized at 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 °C for 2 h, respectively. The phase change, FeO content, and morphology after the oxidation at various temperatures were …
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The present study investigated the influence of high temperature oxidation and reduction pretreatments on the leaching rate of Panzhihua ilmenite. The as-pretreated ilmenite was leached with 20% HCl at 105 °C. The leaching process was controlled by the phases and microstructures that evolved during the pretreatment processes.
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The hydrogen-rich reduction of ilmenite concentrates has a significant effect on the reduction of the carbon footprint of the titanium slag production process. This study investigates the hydrogen ...
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After decades of development of the vanadium titanomagnetite (VTM) ore in the Panzhihua district changes have taken place to the ore characteristics. In addition, preliminary research carried out in this area mainly focused on the separation and extraction of iron resources and lacked a systematic research focus on the process mineralogy of …
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A Ti-rich material containing 0.39 wt-% Ca and 0.038 wt-% Mg was obtained when Panzhihua ilmenite was reduced with a graphite/ilmenite mass ratio of 0.130:1 at 1773 K for 1 h under the vacuum ...
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Therefore, the flotation process has become the mainstream process for ilmenite separation at present, and numerous research works have been carried out regarding ilmenite surface activation, ... In this work, ilmenite from Panzhihua VTM ore was separated by combining magnetic separation and flotation processes. The effect of …
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ABSTRACT. In this study, the kinetics of reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate by graphite under an argon atmosphere using the non-isothermal method was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and mass spectrometry at heating rates of 10, 15, and 20 K·min −1.Both the reactants and products were analysed by X ray powder diffraction (XRD) and …
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